澳洲论文代写-性别市场的问题分析

与性别相比，性别的概念更有力量，因为性别被理解为塑造权力关系的基础。男性和女性在政治、社会经济甚至人际层面上的权力范围都是由性别来界定的。每个人都有性别之分，不管他们喜不喜欢，因此性别的概念在日常生活中找到了它的方式。因此，性别市场不可避免。在性别普遍存在的背景下，市场应该从不同的角度重新考虑。为了提高市场可及性，并帮助所有利益攸关方实现不分性别的平等，有必要重新考虑基于性别的包容性结构。因此，性别市场既是一个问题的原因，也是一个解决方案，因此成为全球化世界不可避免的一部分。本文将讨论在研究工作中所理解的性别市场，并提出在日益全球化的世界中性别市场的含义。这篇澳洲论文代写-性别市场的问题分析认为，虽然全球化给世界带来了明显的经济利益，但如果性别市场的问题得到解决，利益将会更大。因此，如果各国及其机构设法改变其市场，使其更加包容和平等，全球化就可能成为更好的平等的推动力。

Elson (1999) argues that labour markets are quintessentially gendered by nature. For a productive economy, it is necessary to include women. Participation of women thus increases. However, participation of women in the labour market does not equate to women empowerment in the labour market. They are different concepts, because participation does not automatically assure empowerment. Participation is shunted and where participation is encouraged, it still happens that there is a significant reduction in earnings. Gendered markets are characterized by earning differentials (Elson, 1999). The earning differentiation and added discrimination means that an inherent negative gendering exists in markets.
A gendered market is almost always characterized by underreporting of women labour engagements. Census workers classifying the main occupation of men and women always tend to underreport the work done by female workers. For instance, in the case of agriculture, it is observed that the role of the women has almost always been understood with respect to less skilled or less impact works. In some countries for instance, the labor force’s participation of women with respect to agriculture is understood as a seasonal one. Women and their traditional role are considered in the context of their household and this work is often neglected as an informal one. This work is considered as unpaid work and such unaccounted of work leads to gaps in understanding household economy. Estimates were raised from around 17 European countries by researchers based on how much unaccounted-for housework can be traced from as early as the 1970s. Countries like Austria, Bulgaria, France, United Kingdom and Sweden were part of this study. It was estimated that women provide a large percentage of household services. From when women were just 20 years old, it was observed that women produce more household services than they consumed services. Men and children on the other hand are main beneficiaries of these services. Net time transfer by household working is almost always high on the women’s end, except in the case of Sweden where men on a comparative note provided more household care services from their 20’s to their 50’s. In such contexts, the monetary value of time spent by women in maintaining their family and household is neglected. Labour income is earned by women but thought their household efforts. This labour income and market value is not assessed properly. The current national accounting methodology in both developed markets and markets of medium income only consider those goods and services that are sold in the marketplace. In the case of goods consumers in the household, the national accounting methodology includes them, but in the case of services there is no inclusion. The current economic monitoring hence does not include women and their production of services.
Without institutional changes, gendered markets would be a problem for both micro and macro level efficiencies in the global market. A better labour market regulation has to be proposed with an understanding of implications for the globalized world.

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