代写论文：众筹的利弊

众筹的概念以互联网为平台，在货币和非货币形式可能是股权众筹资源、捐赠或别的什么。这必然要对创业产生深刻的影响和具体股权资金必须有许多初创企业产生深远的影响（埃里森麦肯纳短，2013:690-707）。这将导致大量的企业通过融资和相应的大量初创企业运行创新企业资助。其他的影响，无论是正面和负面的，都将在这里进一步讨论
众筹的好处是它有助于增加新的商业意识，这是没有任何费用或收费的快速资金快速选项。投资者的网络可以利用，以促进企业和投资者可以适当地跟踪进展情况和监控业务以及。由于没有收费，没有复杂的程序，就像传统的筹资过程中，融资是企业在筹集资金的一个可行的替代。相同的缺点是，燃料的企业既没有专利权，也没有版权的想法，任何人可能会在网站上或网络上的想法可能窃取的概念或使其适应，并声称这是他们的新想法。有时也有可能，即使有过多的投资者，一个是无法咳嗽的总金额，因此，从其他人的投资也将是徒劳的。
一旦众筹成为资金和财政学的主流来源，业内预计发展的事情都会去转一转，无论是好或坏我们以后研究。众筹在新世界的影响必然会遇到一定的真实性和现实是我们现在来看看。一个是，个人将成为企业家投资很少的业务，并有非常少的资金从他们自己的人。第二个现实是，当资金是早期有显着较大数量的投资者谁单独贡献在零星的形式。第三，通过众筹相当的想法得到支持。

代写论文：众筹的利弊

The concept of crowdfunding uses the internet as a platform to raise resources in monetary and non-monetary forms that may be equity, donations or anything else. This is bound to have a deep impact on entrepreneurship and specifically equity based funding shall have a profound impact on the number of start-ups (Allison, McKenny & Short, 2013:690-707). This shall result in an ample number ventures funded through crowdfunding and correspondingly a large number of start-up companies running creative businesses. Other effects, both positive and negative, shall be further discussed here

The pros of crowdfunding are that it helps one in increasing the awareness for a new business and it is a quick option for fast funding with no fees or charges. The networks of the investors may be leveraged upon to promote the business and investors can suitably track the progress and monitor the business as well. Since there are no charges and no complex procedures like with the traditional processes of funding, crowdfunding is a viable substitute for businesses who are struggling to raise capital. The cons of the same are that the ideas that fuel the businesses are neither patented nor copyrighted and anyone who may view the idea on the site or network could steal the concept or make an adaptation of it and claim it to be their novel idea. At times it is also possible that even with a plethora of investors, one is not able to cough up the total amount required as a result of which the investment from the other people shall also be futile.

Once crowdfunding becomes a mainstream source for funds and finance, the industry is expected to evolve and things are bound to take a turn, whether for the good or for the bad we shall study later. The effect of crowdfunding in the new world is bound to encounter certain authenticities and realities which we shall now look into. One is that the individuals set to become entrepreneurs invest very little in the business and have very minimal funding from their own people. The second reality is that when the funding is early there are significantly a larger number of investors who individually contribute in piecemeal form. The third is that through crowdfunding quite a bit of ideas get supported.

论文代写：财务会计

概念框架有助于识别公司提供的会计信息的定性特征。它有助于了解公司的财务报告的形状和所需的信息，由公司出版。该框架将分析公司的类型和不同的财务报表，他们需要发表。所有的公司可能不需要发布所有的信息。根据业务的性质和他们类型的公司，某些信息变得更加相关。
同时，信息的质量也很重要，同时公布的结果。该框架界定了企业应公允地提出的报表，应使用持续经营，应以权责发生制为基础，并定义报告的频率。该框架有助于保持一致性对公司的报表和可比性（2010卡林和Finch）。
这一部分将涵盖新西兰会计准则不同财务报表准则。会计准则规定中提到的财务报表的主要目的是以结构化的方式呈现，以及公司财务方面的表现。这些方面有助于使公司的各种利益相关者的经济决策，如投资者，债务人，债权人，供应商。财务报表提供有关资产、负债、权益、收入和费用的信息，业主的贡献和公司的现金流量。这些财务报表应以公平的原则呈现公司的财务状况。所有的交易，事件除了条件应忠实地代表公司。所有这些陈述都应符合新西兰框架的形成。所有这些财务报表应按照“持续经营”的原则形成。除此之外，该公司应使用权责发生制的会计（支架，布拉德伯里和挂钩，2010）。
资产负债表也被称为财务状况表应提供关于公司现金及现金等价物的金额信息，应收贸易账款及其他应收款、存货、生物资产、金融资产、投资股权的相关方法，无形资产、物业厂房及设备，应付贸易账款，规定，金融负债，非控制性权益、递延所得税资产和负债。流动及非流动项目应该分开，单独归类。这些项目应满足的标准指南，奠定了NZ。除此之外，其他项目也应遵循指引，并应适当披露的项目已被提及的框架。

论文代写：财务会计

Conceptual framework helps to identify the qualitative characteristics of the accounting information provided by the firm. It helps to understand how the financial reporting of the firm would shape and the information which is required to be published by the firms. This framework will analyze the type of the firms and different financial statements which they need to publish. All firms may not be require to publish all the information. Depending on the nature of the business and they type of firm, certain information becomes more relevant.
Also the quality of the information is also important while publishing the results. The framework defines that the firm should fairly present the statements, should use going concern, should use accrual basis of accounting and also defines the frequency of reporting. This framework helps to keep the consistency in the statements for the firm and make them comparable (Carlin & Finch, 2010).
This part will cover the guidelines given in the New Zealand accounting standards for different financial statements. The main purpose of the financial statements as mentioned in the accounting standard prescriptions is to present in a structured manner the position as well as the performance of the financial aspects of the firm. These aspects help to make economic decisions for various stakeholders of the firm like investors, debtors, creditors, suppliers. The financial statements provide information about the assets, liabilities equity, income and expenses, contribution by the owner and lastly the cash flows of the firm. These financial statements should present the financial position of the firm with fairness. All the transactions, events in addition to the conditions should be faithfully represented by the firm. All these statements should be formed in accordance with the New Zealand framework. All these financial statements should be formed according the principle of going concern. In addition to this the firm should use the accrual basis of accounting (Stent, Bradbury & Hooks, 2010).
Balance sheet also referred to as financial positions statement should give information about the amounts of cash and its equivalents, trade receivables as well as other receivables, inventories, biological assets, financial assets, investments related equity method, intangible assets, property plant and equipment, trade payables, provisions, financial liabilities, non controlling interest, deferred tax assets and liabilities. Current and noncurrent item should be separated and classified separately. These items should satisfy the criteria laid by the NZ guidelines. In addition to this the other items should also follow the guidelines and there should be proper disclosures for the items which have been mentioned in the framework.

澳洲昆士兰大学论文代写：市场营销

这是不论事实上仍然是在市场的会阴段开始生长。对于巧克力的市场，有一个涉及创新活动的重大需要。如果该组织显示在销售水平的提高的意愿，有必要为客户购买产品的实施新的机会和机会。关于这一点，可以说，组织应当考虑想出一个活动营销，他们可以传播意识相对于正式表达感恩庆典很重要的一点，客户机会（活的PR，2013）。
此外，它已被观察到，儿童和青年的人口已呈现在巧克力消费量的增加的兴趣，因此，对饮食的要求和喜好，这些片段的出现，组织应当考虑设计的产品如Elizabeth Shaw和伏特加的疫苗的新范围（金融时报，2013）。除此之外，组织应考虑不断处理产品的现有产品的复兴。
已经讨论了大量，以决定在战略方向，核心能力必须确定，这是非常重要的。为此，组织应考虑将制造业和零售业的能力结合起来，考虑他们的主要能力。
在松顿的情况下，专业的主要产品被称为是巧克力，也被认为是他们的品牌的建立已经完成的基地（市场2013）。它拥有的能力来显示为多个不同的品种来区分的特点，有助于在需要特定的专业知识在制造过程中。也有一个发展的价值的客户和利润率在实质层面的组织。人们已经发现，盒装巧克力的主要专业产品，随着这些巧克力是季节性的基础上出售似乎保持了较高的位置相对于需求的水平（该公司，2012）。

澳洲昆士兰大学论文代写：市场营销

This is known to be irrespective of the fact that there is still initiation of growth in the perineum segment of the market. For the market of boxed chocolate, there is a significant need for involving the activities of innovation. If the organization shows willingness for an enhancement in the level of sales, there was a need for developing new opportunities and occasions for the enforcement of the customers on buying the products. With respect to this point, it can be stated that the organization should consider coming up with a campaign of marketing in which they can have the opportunity of spreading awareness amongst the customers with respect to formally expressing the gratitude as a significant point of celebration (Live-pr, 2013).
In addition to this, it has been observed that the population of children and youth have been showing increased interest in the consumption of chocolates and thus, for catering the requirements and preferences of these segments that are emerging, the organization should consider devising new range of products such as Elizabeth Shaw and the Shots of Vodka (Financial times, 2013). In addition to this, the organization should considering continuously processing the rejuvenation of the present offerings of products.
It has been discussed heavily that to decide the directions in the strategies, core capabilities must be identified and this is extremely important. For this, the organization should consider combining the ability of manufacturing and retailing for considering the rectification of their main competencies.
As in the situation of Thornton, the main product of speciality is known to be the boxed chocolate that is also considered as the base at which the establishment of their brand has been done (Market 2013). It holds the capability to display a number of different varieties in order to distinguish the characteristics which contribute in necessitating the specific expertise in the process of manufacturing. There has also been a development in the value of customer and the margins at substantial level for the organization. It has been found that the main speciality product of boxed chocolates, along with those chocolates being sold on seasonal basis seems to maintain its higher position with respect to the level of demand (Thorntons PLC, 2012).

代写论文：产品设计

王在2013进行的一项研究，看看是否有任何品牌价值和消费者对产品包装的反应。有人发现，这是真的，人们感知和评估的产品在很大程度上是由外包装。最终消费者不担心他们所消费的食物的质量。如果产品包装美观，消费者购买产品。在这个样本中，研究人员的数量是三百多人。问卷调查法对他们进行了问卷调查。在这项研究中的人主要是本科学生。有人发现，如果一个产品是视觉上取悦于人的眼睛选择购买产品。王总结了在食品行业的零售商和供应商应着眼于外壳，品牌标识，美观的包装好的材料可以用在外盖。一个好的包装会使消费者认为，产品在内部是一样好。王说，这将吸引消费者，并可以帮助各自的品牌在市场上维持，并建立一个忠实的客户群（王，2013）。最高价的食品，散装的不可用是封装在一个美观的方式，因此，产品的价值与产品价格的下降下降。
专家预测，这一市场只需要在未来的成长会（Lim等人，2014）
人们选择购买有机食品的原因是主观的，它实际上是一个个人的选择。但大多数人在调查时说，人们购买有机食品的原因是由于与它相关的健康利益。有机食品的使用较少的化学物质的因素一直是人们选择购买这些食品的头号原因。表观认为，非有机食品充满农药，因此被认为是不好的人食用它。它一直是人们消费的头号驱动因素。人们消耗的产品并不真的担心对环境的影响，它会导致。分析人士预测，有一个非常大的消费市场的有机产品。

代写论文：产品设计

There was a study undertaken by Wang in 2013 to see if there is any brand value and response by the consumer to the packaging of the products. It was found that it was indeed true and that people perceive and evaluate the product largely by the outer packaging. The end consumers do not worry about the quality of the food they consume. If the product is packaged aesthetically pleasing to the eyes the consumer buys the product. In this sample study the number of people in the sampling was more than three hundred people. They were questioned by the questionnaire methods. The people in the study were mainly the undergraduate students. It was found that if a product was visually pleasing to the eyes the people choose to buy the product. Wang summarizes that the retailers and suppliers in the food industries should focus on the outer covering, brand logo, aesthetically pleasing packaging and good materials to be used on the outer cover. A good packaging will make the consumer think that the product on the inside is just as good. Wang says this will draw in the consumer and can help the respective brands to sustain in the market and develop a loyal customer base (Wang, 2013). Most high priced foods which are not available in bulk are packaged in an aesthetically beautiful way and hence it follows that the value of the product would decline with the drop in pricing for the product.
The experts predict that this market need will only grow in the future (Lim et al, 2014)
The reasons that the people choose to buy organic foods are subjective and it is actually an individual choice. But the majority of the people when surveyed say that the reason for the people to buy organic food is due to the health benefits associated with it. The factors like organic foods use less chemicals has been the number one reason people opt to buy these foods. The apparent view that the non-organic food is found filled with pesticide, hence considered bad for the people consuming it. It has been the number one driving factor to the people consuming it. People consuming the products are not really worried about the environmental impact it would cause. The analysts are predicting that there is a very big consumer market for organic products.

澳洲墨尔本大学论文代写：花旗集团

该研究试图确定在一个通用的框架的元素到一个特定的情况下的情况下。在这里，花旗银行不同的分支（至少3）将选定的来自世界各地，除了中国。这些分支机构进行了研究，使用二级和初级研究他们的工作方式。成功的要素和确定的和基于案例研究分析的深圳分行，提出了建议。本研究的意义是，国际商业调查结果，并提出适用于当地的情境背景。这项研究还提出了如何国际商业意识将有助于解决关键问题，在本地化的背景下的业务。
研究然而由于特定的分公司、深圳分公司的问题主要是通过研究确定的范围有限，但一个更大的问题是利用宏观环境问题衍生的问题，这意味着在中国所有花旗分行将考虑。这是报告作为一个研究的限制，因为虽然研究重点在深圳分行，一般的问题也将考虑，使讨论整体。
花旗集团于1988年成立，作为一家金融服务持股公司。本公司提供金融产品和服务。它提供个人银行服务、信用银行服务、企业级银行、投资、证券经纪、消费财富管理、退休计划，以及更多。花旗银行分为重大关键环节如花旗集团与花旗全球消费金融业务、机构客户集团，公司和花旗集团（路透社，2015）。全球消费银行业务与个人银行、信贷和投资等银行业务有关。北美洲，欧洲，拉丁美洲的美国和亚洲四个区域消费银行业务的花旗集团目前。机构客户群段将提供证券和银行服务，企业级的支持服务，公共部门的客户服务和高净值客户在一百个国家。特别是企业分部迎合服务未分配开支，偏移，重新分类和过滤。另一方面，花旗集团持有的资产组合包括资产组合，这是花旗集团的核心力量。控股业务在北美洲和西欧零售银行业务。

澳洲墨尔本大学论文代写：花旗集团

The research attempts to identify the elements in a universal framework onto a specific case scenario. Here different Citibank branches (at least 3) will be selected from across the world, other than China. These branches are studied using secondary and primary research for their ways of working. The success elements and identified and based on the case study analysis of Shenzhen branch, recommendations are made. The significance of this research is that the international business findings are taken and made applicable to a local situational context. Also the study presents how international business awareness would be helpful in solving key problems for the business in localized context.
The research is however limited in scope because the concerns of the particular branch-the Shenzhen branch is identified through primary research, but a broader issue set is derived using the macro environmental issues, which means issues for all Citi branches in China will be considered. This is reported as a research limitation here because although the research focuses on the Shenzhen branch, the general issues will be considered also, to make the discussions holistic.
The Citigroup was incorporated in the year 1988 as a financial services holding company. The company provides both financial products and services. It provides person banking services, credit banking services, corporate level banking, investments, securities brokerage, consumer wealth management, retirement planning, and more. Citibank is divided into key major segments such as Citicorp which deals with the Global Consumer Banking businesses of Citi, the Institutional Clients Group, corporate and the Citi Holdings Group (Reuters, 2015). The Global Consumer Banking segments deals with the banking services such as that of personal banking, credit lending and investments. North America, EMEA, Latin America and Asia are the four regional consumer banking businesses of Citi at present. Institutional Clients Group segment will deliver the Securities and Banking services, corporate level support services, public sector client services and high net-worth clients in around a hundred countries. The corporate segment in particular caters to the services for unallocated expenses, offsets, reclassifications and eliminations. The Citi Holdings segment on the other hand includes a portfolio of assets which are the core strength of the Citigroup. The holdings business operates in North America and the Western Europe retail banking.