梅鐸大學：現實主義者

梅鐸大學：現實主義者
然而，現實主義者反對這樣的想法。他們認為自由主義或製度主義是大國共同利益的結果。與霸權主義相關的製度主義思想對和平事業的重要性不夠，因為它會嚴重影響國際穩定。制度主義還有許多其他方面。它可以在全球範圍內有效地削弱單極或雙極安全體系，創造與其生存動力相匹配的多極體系。新興的權力中心在執行這種多極制度方面具有重大作用。現實主義者發現制度主義者的利益是模糊和牽強的。因此，多極系統可能比其前身更容易發生不穩定性。可能的臨時解決辦法是實行綏靖政策。它將注重照顧大國的利益，而不是盲目採取大國的態度。然而，有一個事實是，只要這些機構符合佔支配地位的大國的利益，它們就會存在。舉辦亞洲國家音樂會的想法可以追溯到19世紀早期的歐洲背景。其主要思想不僅是解決大國之間的爭端，而且是解決第三方之間的爭端。
然而，由於大國關係的不成熟，沒有成功的協調，也沒有有效的多邊磋商。其他影響因素包括關係不平衡、相互猜疑、領土爭端以及平等地位的挑戰。安全分析人員和規劃人員被安全社區的理念所吸引，安全社區可以通過各種交互方式和共同的思想來管理和解決成員之間的爭端。然而，這一想法在亞太地區不可能成功。由於其成員國之間的雙邊和三邊聯繫，甚至象東盟這樣的主要組織也不能成為一個安全委員會。安全解決方案的三大趨勢是多邊主義、聯盟體系和雙邊主義。前兩種趨勢已引起廣泛注意，並已在若干情況下得到實施，但雙邊主義在過去幾年已開始受到注意。這一新的出現使人們對多邊主義和聯盟體係是否有能力產生強有力的安全模式和管理不確定性產生了疑問。因此，專家們在討論這兩種趨勢時強調的是雙邊主義，而不是雙邊主義。

梅鐸大學：現實主義者

However, the realists oppose to such idea. They look upon liberalism or institutionalism as the result of common self-interests of the states with great powers. Related to the hegemonic powers, the idea of institutionalism is not regarded as important enough for the cause of peace because they can heavily affect the international stability. There are various other aspects of institutionalism. It can effectively diminish the unipolar or bipolar security system through the whole world, and create the multipolar system that matches its survival dynamics. The emerging power centres have a great role in the implementation of such multipolar system. Realists find that the interests of the institutionalists are vague and far-fetched. As a result, multipolar systems may prove to be more instability-prone than its predecessors. The possible temporary solution is to apply the appeasement policy. It will focus on the accommodation of the interests of the powers rather than blindly adopting their attitude. However, it is a fact that institutions exist as long as and as far as they meet the interests of the dominant powers.The idea of organizing the concert of the Asian nations can be traced back to European background in the early times of the 19th century. The main idea was to settle disputes not only between the great powers but also the third parties.
However, no successful concert can be organized and no effective multilateral consultation can be reached because of the immature relationship between big powers. The other influencing factors are uneven relations, mutual suspicions, territorial disputes, and challenges of equality status. Security analysts and planners are attracted to the idea of security communities that can manage and solve disputes among its members through various interactive ways and common thoughts. However, this idea cannot be successful in the Asia Pacific. Because of the bilateral and trilateral links among its members, even a major organization like ASEAN could not emerge as a security committee. There are three major trends of security solutions — the multilateralism, the alliance system, and the bilateralism. The first two trends have attracted immense notice and have been implemented in a number of cases, but bilateralism has started to come to the limelight in the past few years. This new emergence has raised the question over the abilities of the multilateralism and the alliance system to produce a strong security model and manage the uncertainties. Therefore, experts have emphasized in the discussion of these two trends rather than upon the bilateralism.