课程代写：病例研究

课程代写：病例研究

由疾病或损伤引起的与疾病和损伤有关的生理变化或人体异常状态的生理变化，称为病理生理学。病例研究中的病人利·马克·理查兹先生，因为意外事故而患有病理生理学。事故导致他受伤，由急救人员组成的创伤小组将他救起。他被诊断为左气胸。气胸是指空气或气体进入胸腔导致呼吸困难。这种空气或气体的存在，导致病人的氧气供应受损。在利先生的病例中，左肺可能受到影响(护理与助产学学院，2014年12月)。临床结果和症状将根据肺塌陷的程度而表现。在更严重的情况下，气胸是非常严重的，那么它可能导致一种状态，纵隔可能转移到内部。肺的血流动力学稳定性因为这样的转变而受到损害。

课程代写：病例研究
这种情况导致胸腔内空气流通，导致胸壁损伤或午餐软组织。正常情况下，胸膜壁间存在负的胸膜内压力(Sideras, 2011)。气胸有不同的类型，根据症状的类型不同，有些类型比其他类型更具有生命威胁(Sideras, 2011)。在自发性气胸的情况下，没有临床症状表明发病，直到气泡破裂和急性气短。在医源性气胸的病例中，症状会随着患者年龄的不同而不同，女性为右侧气胸(Daley, 2015)。在纵隔积气的情况下，除了呼吸短促的情况外，患者还会出现恶心呕吐的症状。张力性气胸是由低血压、胸痛和呼吸困难引起的一种气胸。患者的气胸是由于胸部的创伤造成的(Cheatham， & Safcsak, 1999)。

课程代写：病例研究

The physiological changes associated with disease and injury or the physiology of the abnormal state of the human body causes by disease or injury is called pathophysiology. The patient in the case study Mr. Leigh Mark Richards, has a pathophysiology because the accident he was caught in. The accident resulted in injury and he was brought in by a trauma team of first responders. He has been diagnosed with a left pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is when air or gas enters the pleural cavity leading to problem in breathing. This presence of air or gas, results in impaired oxygen supply to the patient. The lung might be affected on either sides and in Mr. Leigh case the left lung has been affected (School of Nursing & Midwifery December, 2014). The clinical results and symptoms will manifest based on the degree of collapse of the lung. In the more severe cases, where the pneumothorax is very severe, then it could lead to a state where the mediastinum might shift inside. The hemodynamic stability of lungs is compromised because of such a shift.

课程代写：病例研究
This condition leads to air passage in the intra-pleural space either resulting in the chest wall trauma or the lunch parenchyma. In a normal condition, a negative intrapleural pressure will exist between the pleural walls (Sideras, 2011).There are different types of pneumothorax and based on the type the symptoms would vary, some of the types are more life threatening than others (Sideras, 2011). In the case of spontaneous pneumothorax, there are no clinical symptoms to indicate the onset until a bleb ruptures and there is acute shortness of breath. In the case of iatrogenic pneumothorax, the symptoms would vary based on patient’s age and Catamenial pneumothorax is observed in women and is a right sided pneumothorax (Daley, 2015). In the case of Pneumomediastinum, in addition to the shortness of breath scenario, the patient will also have symptoms of nausea and vomiting. Tension pneumothorax is one that is caused by hypotension, chest pain and dyspnea. The pneumothorax caused in the patient is because of a trauma to the chest (Cheatham, & Safcsak, 1999).